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[upbeat music]

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[Mars 2020: Terrain
Relative Navigation]

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>> We are in Death Valley,

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testing Terrain
Relative Navigation,

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the new technology
for Mars 2020.

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The terrain in Death Valley
 is very much like Mars.

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It has a lot of sand
dunes and steep slopes.

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It's quite similar
 to the landing site

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that Mars 2020 will be going to.

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We're taking a
  copy of the system

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that will be on the spacecraft
and we're testing it

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in the way that it would

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be used during the
  flight mission.

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>> Terrain Relative Navigation
 gives the vehicle the ability

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to figure out where it is.

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This is kind of along
 those same lines

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as what the Apollo astronauts
 did with people in the loop,

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back in the day.

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Those guys were
 looking out the window

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and looking for
different craters

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and other features
on the moon

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that they knew of

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from the maps
 we had in the moon.

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So, that way they could
  figure out where they are

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and figure out where they
 needed to land to be safe.

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So, for the first
  time here on Mars,

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we're automating that.

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>> Andrew: What Terrain
Relative Navigation gives you

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is the ability
  to avoid hazards

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that you already know about.

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So, large hazards.

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Hills, craters, things
that you've seen before.

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With the camera we take
  images as we're descending

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and we match pieces of the
  image to orbital imagery

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that we have stored onboard.

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And if we make many
 of these matches,

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we are able to figure out where
we are relative to the map.

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>> If we didn't have
 Terrain Relative Navigation,

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the probability of landing
  safely at Jezero Crater

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is about 80 to 85%.

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But with Mars 2020, we can
actually bring that probability

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of success of landing safely at
Jezero Crater all the way up to

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99% safe every single time.

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>> We don't have an
astronaut that we can put

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onboard Mars 2020.

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But we can put this system,

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this Terrain Relative
Navigation system,

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so that the spacecraft could
 figure it out on its own.

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>> [Andrew] I could see it being
used on lunar missions,

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science missions, as
well as human missions,

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future Mars missions, of
 course, Mars sample return,

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Europa lander,
 landing on a comet,

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pretty much everywhere
 you wanna land,

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you're gonna want to have
 Terrain Relative Navigation.

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[upbeat music]